We Can Do More than War

 

The Problem.

Most everyone agrees that there is a problem between the countries of the UN Security Council and the current government of Iraq.   The Iraqi government continues to violent basic human rights within its own borders, and seeks to extend it dominance over its weaker neighbors.   After being sanctioned by the United Nations for its invasion of Kuwait in 1990, the Iraqi government has continued to defy the UN mandate to terminate the development of additional weapons of mass destruction and means of delivering these weapons via missile beyond a 150 km range.   Iraq has defied the UN and continued to develop such weapon systems.   The Iraqi government has its own rationale for wanting such weapons – including no doubt that its neighbors already have or are developing such weapons.   This is a problem.   There is an unresolved conflict situation.    There are numerous other facets to the problem that will not be enumerated.  

 

The Way of War

Given a conflict situation, i.e. a group of people who have a problem, one approach is to eliminate people – the way of war.  An alternative approach is to eliminate the problem – the way of nonviolence.   

 

Is war an effective way to manage the conflict with the Iraqi government?

Desert Storm – i.e. the Persian Gulf War of 1991 was a resounding success according to some people.  The U.S. lead armed forces drove the Iraqi army out of Kuwait.    It was such a one sided slaughter, that even military trained leaders were dismayed by the carnage.   The military action and subsequent UN economic sanctions did nothing to alter the course of Iraq, did nothing to solve the problem of human rights violations within Iraq, and certainly did nothing to build relationships between Iraq and the world community.   Relationships that were built were the result of nonviolent actions of NGOs who provided humanitarian aid.  The root causes of the Iraqi problems were not addressed by the actions of war or by the 12 years of economic sanctions.  Food, clothing, health care, and education (58% literacy rate) continue to be fundamental issues with the Iraqi people – despite their vast reserves of oil.        

 

 It is most probably that a new war[1] will actually make U.S. Citizens less safe after the bombing and shooting by “conventional forces” stops.  We can surely expect a renewed wave of more creative and more pervasive terrorist attacks on U.S. citizens – wherever they might be – particularly if we ever want to venture outside the borders of our country – or mingle with people of other nationalities or ever try to see the world again.   

 

 The destruction of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001should have etched into our mind that traditional war is obsolete – our current weapons are useful only if we agree to sell our souls and practice complete genocide of entire nations.   Only if we annihilate entire nations will we be able to confidently kill the terrorists hidden within these countries.       Terrorist are not significantly affected by our battle ships, bombers, cruise missiles, smart bombs, spy satellites, etc.    If fact when we use any of these obsolete weapons, we kill innocent civilians who are not the terrorists.   For every noncombatant we kill, we create multiple potential terrorists who has real reasons to hate the people of the United States. 

 

 If fact, because our obsolete methods of dealing with terrorism have been demonstrated to be inadequate in subduing the elusive Al Qaeda, we are now targeting a more traditional “stationary” target – one that does not move – a country – an entity that our weapons were built to destroy – a target that we can see with our satellites, we can find on our maps.   Targets that are stationary structures and troops who naively remain above ground in distinct uniforms so they are easy to see and shoot at.   Haven’t we yet learned that the new “enemy” does not wear self-identifying outer garments?   Haven’t we yet learned that the new “enemy” does not look any different from our (Arab) friends.   Haven’t we learned that our new “enemy” does not fight by Western rules?   The way of the terrorist may not be fair, but things have changed.   Our obsolete tools and military actions are not going to solve this conflict with terrorists.

 

We the People are ultimately responsible for the acts of our Executive Branch and the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of this war.

 

What does war cost?    

 

The Executive Branch of the U.S. Government has proposed a 2004 budget to Congress.   It is proposing (and fully expects to spend) the largest “deficit” ever undertaken by the people of the United States in the history of this country. However, this “budget” for FY 2004 does not even acknowledge the additional cost of the impending war with Iraq, a country of some 20 million people.[2]  This budget does not acknowledge the cost of ‘reconstruction” after the war.  The Executive Branch would be the best organization to estimate the cost of the upcoming war – but they are silent on this issue.

 

Instead we must rely on estimates by administration officials of between $50 and $200 Billion to the U.S.  No one has estimated the cost to Iraq.    Let’s assume that with “reconstruction” the cost will be closer to  $260 Billion USD ($260,000,000,000) over the life of this event which will extend into a “peacekeeping / reconstruction phase.”  That’s about 2/3 of the annual budget of the Defense Department.    The war and reconstruction will likely extend over a period of 5-10 years where U.S. personnel must be present to assure that violence and the further violation of Human Rights gradually subsides.  That translates to about $1000 per child/women and man of this country – or approximately $2500 for every average family of 2.5 people in this country.   One can not begin to estimate the cost of the loss of life to U.S. personnel,[3] the loss of life to the Iraqi people,[4]  as well as the psychology damage to the soul of this country and the psychological damage to the Iraqi families who will lose members as “collateral” damage.   One cannot put a price tag on the cost of the damage to our relationships with other world nations.   

 

This silent cost of war is over and above the current 2004 budget that the Executive Branch of our country has just proposed to Congress.   Eventually this cost must be paid through taxes.    Also because of the nature of this “silent” taxation – it is truly taxation without representation.    This silent taxation at least deserves an acknowledgement if the “cause” for which this expenditure i.e. “our security” is truly valid.   

 

Are We the People so weak that we do not even care what this taxation is going to be?

 

This great country was build upon a profound Constitution that represents the People and is intended to protect its People against violations of basic Human Rights – including Taxation without Representation.  The average struggling citizen of this country may not care to spend this much of their “disposable wealth” on the Administration’s approach to added security – particularly when:

a)       our government representatives have not yet been adequately demonstrated that there is a real and imminent danger from Iraq,

b)       our government representatives have not made a convincing argument there are no alternative methods to resolve the issue of “weapons of mass destruction” in the hands of a dictator other than conventional war, and

c)       war has yet to be an effective method of managing human conflict – specifically the problem with Iraq

 

 

The Way of Nonviolence

 

Is nonviolence effective?

We need a new approach to managing conflict.  Ironically the United States has all the basic tools it needs to develop alternative approaches to this conflict with Iraq.   We have not fully utilized, mobilized, these basic tools but they exist.  These tools include a basic morality and value system that respects freedom and democracy and human rights and freedom of religion and civil rights and the premise that individuals are important and have a right to speak and a right to be different or diverse.

 

Yet we are a people who are currently obsessed with violence – it is pervasive in our entertainment, in our sports, in our speech, in our recreation, and in our approach to many conflict situations.   Sports figures make large sums of money being violent, actors make large sums of money enacting violence, our media makes money portraying and reporting violence,  – but still we are troubled by violence.  We fear (and know) that our children are becoming desensitized to violence because it is so pervasive in our society today.  This fear indicates that our conscience is still intact – that we do have a sense of right and wrong – that there is hope.

 

Other tools that we posses include our knowledge of conflict management – our political system is based on a model that deals with conflicting viewpoints in a nonviolent manner – our Constitution prescribes a manner that is respectful of others viewpoints and eventually yields to the “democratic” process with universal suffrage (as long as you are old enough – neither education nor wisdom are a prerequisite for voting).

 

We have past and current leaders who are internationally acknowledged as effective “Peacemakers.”[5]   We have organizations and academic institutions that are highly skilled in using constructive nonviolent methods of managing conflict.    We have numerous researchers in our country who continue to help us understand the root causes of violence.[6]  We have several million people who yearn for alternatives to war and are willing to help if requested.

 

What we lack is simply the leadership and coordination we need to be a great Peacemaking country.

 

We are the world leader in the trying to achieve peace using the old methods - sometimes called Peacekeeping though the use of armed forces.  Our Department of Defense has assembled and trained and equipped the best military in the world.  We can be proud of these dedicated people who also want peace and are willing to place themselves in harm’s way to protect us.

 

We can be a world leader (if that is a desired goal) in Peacemaking / Peacebuilding, in developing and using alternatives to war.    Ironically we were on a path to become such a leader when the events of September 11 caused us to drift off course.  We must regain our balance and refocus on Peacemaking.    For those who fear that Peacemaking means we give up our Peacekeeping force, let this assure you that is not the case.  We need both.  In fact it is strange that we have not realized this already – a Peacemaking force i.e. an organization that excels in identifying, and managing conflicts early, will compliment our Peacekeeping force and help keep them out of harm’s way in many instances.  The Peacemaking force will manage / de-escalate a conflict situation before it grows into violence.   We know this is possible because it has been demonstrated on many occasions in our personal lives - as well as in our workplaces - as well as in our democratic society - as well as global.     Effective nonviolence conflict management skills have been demonstrated at all levels of conflict – ranging from interpersonal to international. 

 

Ironically our country was on the verge of considering and debating a new government organization to compliment the Department of Defense just prior to 9/11.  In July of 2001, legislation was first proposed by a small number of our representatives in the House as HR 2495.  The proposed legislation called for the formation of a new cabinet level organization chartered to explore creative nonviolent alternatives to conflict situations – a Department of Peace.   This organization would be tasked with the early identification of conflict situations and the use of effective conflict management skills to help “manage/resolve” these situations before the people involved became so frustrated that violence was perceived to be their only option.    It must be emphasized that the proposed Department of Peace would not replace the Department of Defense  - the formation of this new Department would not make us weaker – if fact it would make us stronger –  both from an internal perspective as well as one observed by the our external friends and global neighbors. 

 

A formal Department of Peace would make us stronger internally because it would remove the current divisiveness that exists in our country related to a war.   Take the impending war with Iraq as an example.    Why? Because the Department of Peace would be responsible for developing detailed “Plans of Action” similar to what the Department of Defense currently does prior to any engagement.    The Executive Branch would then be presented with effective alternatives in any given conflict situation.     Currently, many of the “Peace” organizations within this country tend to simply oppose war without offering any effective alternative nonviolent plans of action.  In real conflict situations, doing nothing or simply waiting is not a reasonable choice.  When the “Commander in Chief” is not presented with any options, only the detailed plans of the Military, it is not surprising that the President chooses the Military approach since there is no choice.  Shame on us for not giving our President any real choices.   If the conflict situation has already evolved to the point of violence and there are gross violations of human rights, genocide, etc, such as in Kosovo, then there may be no other effective alternative but to use force.  However, in other conflicts that have not yet escalated to that extreme, there may be effective nonviolent alternatives for the President to consider.  

 

The “Peace” organizations viewpoints, creative ideas, and evidence of the effectiveness of these nonviolent strategies would be represented by the Department of Peace.    The Department of Defense would certainly appreciate every effort to manage or resolve a conflict situation early so that their personnel would not have to risk their lives.   As a result, it seems reasonable that a number of the Department of Defense and Homeland Security assets would be shared (e.g. assets for information gathering such as the CIA because Peacemakers need information to be effective just as do Peacekeepers.    The CIA Worldbook 2002 is a great source of intelligence information that would be useful for Peacemakers.)  

 

What does nonviolence cost?

Funding the Department of Peace will certainly create an argument in congress.   If this service was free, there would less resistance by lawmakers to pass HR2459.

 

Let’s consider the situation where We the People voluntarily set up an escrow fund, a trust, for this new Department.  This would not be taxation without representation.   This would be voluntary taxation.   If we are going to be taxed $2500 per family without representation for a war, doesn’t it make sense to voluntarily offer $1 or even $10 to the Peacemaking escrow account.   Note that his contribution would certainly be tax deductible – hence each dollar would only cost us $.70.  Ideally Congress, in its wisdom, could enact a Peace Tax Credit bill – so that if we voluntarily gave up to say $100, that contribution would become a tax credit. For those who do not believe in nonviolence, they could choose not to donate to the Peace Tax.    Suppose that 50 million people donated $10 – that’s $500 million dollars – a reasonable start.  One might assume that it would take several years for the new Department to get organized and then several more to begin producing useful nonviolent “products”   So over a 5 year period, those 50 million people would be putting $50 at risk.  

 

What are the benefits of Peacemaking?

There is no doubt that the “products” from this Department would have “spin offs” for other sectors of our economy.   Lessons Learned would certainly be helpful in reducing the cost of conflict in the workplace for example, this in turn would be reflected in less hostile, more cooperative and more productive work environments – with a positive impact on the bottom line of U.S. corporations.    Lessons Learned would certainly be useful in reducing violence in our schools making our educational system even more effective.   Lessons Learned could spin off to help community relations and make our neighbors less violent and more secure.    Ideally we would expect that Lessons Learned would even translate into a better understanding personal mental health issues related to internal conflicts and how some people cope (or do not cope) with internalized conflicts  - often these coping skills (or lack thereof) are materialized as depression or aggressiveness or self destructive behavior or behavior that is violent to others.   We are learning that so called “random acts of violence” is a myth – there are root causes of violent behavior and there are warning signs if we extend  our awareness to observe it..      

 

It is fully expected, if not demanded, that eventually the Department of Peace (as well as other sectors of our society)  would show a positive return on investment – i.e. a net savings to the government - the effort invested in nonviolence would be saved in replacement costs of spent munitions, in less overtime for Peacekeeping and law enforcement, .    This of course raises a red flag for those organizations that make munitions – we would have to gradually, over the next 10 years,  provide new job opportunities for these people – and that could be done by future legislation for those areas of the country where the increase Peace expenditures did not offset their loss in Defense expenditures. 

 

Ironically anticipated benefits of an expanded Peacemaking initiative includes the positive impact these efforts will have on our global reputation.  If the People of the U.S. are seen as truly concerned about the violation of human rights throughout the world as we currently profess, and take the initiative to compassionately seek restorative justice in those areas, there is certain to be positive impacts on our political relationships as well as commerce and tourism.   The more we genuinely interact with our global neighbors and demonstrate a sincere concern for their well being – (not an overbearing or dominating attitude but one of respect and willingness to consider their unique perspectives and their unique culture, their unique spirituality – but nevertheless help them help themselves with the basics of life, with their internal education, with their own internal conflict management), the safer we will be.   We can offer to help them develop their own plans to either “develop” or not “develop.” 

 

Conclusion
It is possible to build a world without war – and We the People could help build such a world.

 

Let’s start right now.   Talk it over with a friend or family member.   If it still makes sense, talk it over with another friend or a business associate.   If it still makes sense, let’s start working together to help develop alternatives to war. 

 

Together, We the People can do more than war. 

 

 

Milt Hetrick, 2/23/03



[1] A unilaterally war or nearly unilateral war assuming the United Kingdom continues to side with our Executive Branch is currently planned.

[2] An untold number of Arab allies will undoubtedly side with the Iraq people when the atrocities of the upcoming war become evident. 

[3] expected to be less than several thousand

[4] estimated to be several hundred thousand (euphemistically called “collateral damage”)– probably less than one million lives

[5] e.g. President Jimmy Carter, Martin Luther King, Jr.,……

[6] e.g. Roger Fischer, William Ury, ……